Wednesday, December 26, 2018

Ecology and management of Sundarban

If there is no mangrove tree-tree-plant, along with the sea will have no meaning. It is as well as having a tree without roots; mangroves are the roots of the sea." - A Fisherman re speaking the order of the coast of the Andaman Sea.

The Sundarban, covering more or less one million ha in the delta of the rivers Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna at the endeavor where it merges following than the Bay of Bengal, is the single largest block of tidal halophytic mangrove reforest in the world shared surrounded by Bangladesh (62%) and India (38%), which supports a large, biodiversity-wealthy unique ecosystem. With its array of trees and wildlife the forest is a showpiece of natural archives. It is with a center of economic procedures, such as descent of timber, fishing and accretion of honey. The place of Sundarban experiences a subtropical monsoonal climate subsequent to an annual rainfall of 1600-1800 mm and rasping cyclonic storms. Enormous amount of sediments carried by the three rivers contribute to its remodel and dynamics. Salinity gradients regulate on summit of a broad range of spatial and temporal scales. Interestingly, the Bangladesh and Indian part of the forest are listed in the UNESCO world lineage list separately as the Sundarban i.e. the beautiful forest and Sundarban National Park respectively, though they are handily parts of the same forest. The Sundarban is intersected by a obscure network of tidal waterways, mudflats and little islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. The place is known for its broad range of flora and fauna. The most expertly-known along together in the midst of these are the men eating Royal Bengal Tigers, but numerous species of natural world, spotted deer, crocodiles and snakes with inhabit it. The mangroves have been extensively exploited on peak of centuries for timber, fish and prawns, honey, fodder, or converted for paddy and aquaculture and now it faces the massive challenges for its existence. Javan rhino, wild buffalo, hog deer, and barking deer are already extinct from the area. While conservation efforts have focused in the works for wildlife, particularly tiger, through establishment of several sanctuaries and a biosphere unfriendliness, edited freshwater inflows are a massive threat as salinity is rising. Heritiera fomes (from which Sundarban derives its state), Nypa fruticans and Phoenix paludosa are declining quickly. Other threats to biodiversity arrive from the growing human population, pollution, and a rise in sea level.

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